Assignment: Fee Setting Essay

The government benefits seminar for children and families was a major success, so Advocates for Children will carry out a similar seminar in a nearby town. The executive director has decided that this second seminar should make the highest possible amount of money. For this reason, they will not offer a reduced fee schedule, and all attendees must pay the entire fee. This seminar will happen in a smaller room than the first one did, which can only leave space for 45 trainees, at most. Here is the seminar’s proposed budget: Proposed Seminar Budget 1. Conference room rental $175.00 $ 175.00 2. Audiovisual equipment Rental $75.00 3. 4 presenters @ $500 $2,000.00 4. 45 workbooks @ $15 $675.00 5. 45 lunches @ $12 $540.00 6. 45 coffees @ $3.50 $158.00 Subtotal $3,623.50 7. Indirect costs @ 25% of $3,622.50 $ 906.00 Subtotal $4,529.00 8. Profit margin @ 5% of $4,528.13 $ 227.00 Subtotal $4,756.00 You are the executive director. Following the checklist in Figure 11.1, perform all the computations necessary to set a fee. What will your fee be? What is your break-even point? What is your go/no-go decision point? Fixed Costs 1. Conference room rental $175.00 $ 175.00 2. Audiovisual equipment Rental 75.00 3. 4 presenters @ $500 2,000.00 4. Indirect costs @ 25% of $3,675.00 $ 906.00 5. Profit margin @ 5% of $4,594.00 $ 227.00 Total Fixed Costs $3,383.00 Variable Costs 6. 45 workbooks @ $15 $15.00 7. 45 lunches @ $12 12.00 8. 45 coffees @ $3.50 3.50 Total Variable Costs $30.50 Breakeven point I would put my breakeven and go/no go point at 30 attendees. I have set it lower to make up for margin or error, and when more than 30 people attend the profits will also increase. This is the revenue maximization strategy that I will use. XP= A+BX 30P= 3,383 + 30.50(30) 30P= 3,383 + 915 30P= 4,298 P= 143 *Fee will still be set within the standard bracket. Exercise 11.2 As the executive director of Advocates for Children, you have had a change of heart. You decide not to attempt to maximize revenues in this second seminar. You decide to exclude a profit margin in the fee computation, but you will include indirect costs. Additionally, the local United Way in the community hosting the seminar has guaranteed 45 participants. If fewer than 45 participants register for the seminar, the United Way will make up the difference. In exchange for this guarantee, the United Way has asked you to set the seminar fee as low as possible. Following the checklist in Figure 11.1, perform all the computations necessary to set a fee. What will your fee be? Fixed Costs 1. Conference room rental $175.00 $ 175.00 2. Audiovisual equipment Rental 75.00 3. 4 presenters @ $500 2,000.00 4. Indirect costs @ 25% of $3,675.00 $ 906.00 Total Fixed Costs $3,156.00 Variable Costs 5. 45 workbooks @ $15 $15.00 6. 45 lunches @ $12 12.00 7. 45 coffees @ $3.50 3.50 Total Variable Costs $30.50 45 participants 45P = 3156 + 30.50(45) 45P = 3,156 + 1373 (rounded-up) 45P = 4549 (rounded-up) (Divide both sides by 45) P = $101.00 (rounded-up) For 45 participants,the fee is $101.00 (100.63 if not rounded-up). * I chose to use the number 45 because the United Way has guaranteed that they will make up the difference if less than 45 people attend. Reference Martin, L. (2001). Financial management for human service administrators. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Tourism Industry

A pictorial account for the BUFFS Centennial August 2011 Part 1 : Transport, Supply, Reconnaissance This is a brief pictorial account of the history of fixed wing flying in the roles of transport, supply, reconnaissance, patrol and inventory with the British Columbia Forest Service. The Early Years By now, many of us have heard about or seen the results of the C Forest Branch's first foray Into the world of aircraft. A contract was Initiated by the Department of Lands with the Hoffa Motor Boat Company for the construction of a single engine two seat flying boat, to be used primarily for trolling.The H-2 biplane was constructed during the summer of 1 918 and test flights conducted toward the end of August and early September. On September 4th, on one of the early tests over Vancouver, the aircraft experienced engine problems and the pilot elected to head for the waters of Coal Harbor. It never made it. The aircraft stalled (quit flying) and spiraled onto the roof of a Figure 1 : Hoffa H-2 crash Vancouver Seep. 1918 house In West Vancouver. The H-2 was destroyed but the young pilot luckily sustained only minor Injuries. This ended the thought of Forest Service aircraft ownership for almost 80 years.In September of 1919, the first aerial discovery of a forest fire in B. C. Took place over Duncan. The pilot off Curtiss JNI-4 (possibly during an alarm mail flight) spotted the fire and landed at Duncan to report It to the Forest Branch, who then took suppression action. The end of WWW saw a surplus of aircraft and support equipment in both Europe and North America. After the war, governments and agencies recognized the value of aircraft in Figure 2: Curtiss JNI-4 first forest fire discovery 1919 supplies. The Canadian government formed the Dominion Air Board to oversee the growing civil aviation in Canada.Half a dozen air stations were established across the country in 1920 including Vancouver, located at Jericho Beach. The Vancouver Air Station soon acquired 2 types of flying boats. 2 The Curtiss HAS-AL was a single engine four place biplane with a payload of up to 700 pounds and a top speed of 70 MPH. The Flowstone F. 3 was a large twin engine flying boat capable of speeds over 85 MPH and a payload up to 12 people with gear. These aircraft were not used operationally in 1920 but the HAS-AL was tested and evaluated by the Forest Branch and Air Station in the fall.The 1921 fire season saw both types used in arioso roles by the Forest Branch including patrols, fire suppression and forest reconnaissance, inventory and photography. One HAS-AL was also based in Sampson during that summer. 1922 proved to be a serious fire season on B. C. ‘s coast. The F. 3 proved it's worth transporting men and equipment to fires. Near the end of July the F. 3 transported men, equipment and camp supplies too fire near Battle Lake on Vancouver Island. The use of the F. 3 saved days of ground travel and undoubtedly prevented the fire from becoming a major event. By 1923, the Forest Branch had become somewhat disenchanted with both types of aircraft as they were becoming obsolete. Aircraft performance was not up to requirements especially in the mountains, and aircraft maintenance costs were high. In 1924 the Branch used the aircraft on a casual basis and only flew two dozen hours. By 1926 the regular use of aircraft for forestry work was severely curtailed. Figure 3: HAS-AL at Alert say late 1920. BC Archives AN-07649 Figure 4: Flowstone F. 3 1926 including an account of the 1918 accident, see the publication â€Å"Aircraft and Their Use in Forestry in B. C. 1918 – 1926† http://www. Abscess. Ca/docs/PDF/8/398. PDF 3 Through the late sass's and sass's occasional fire patrols and aerial spray projects were undertaken by the Branch, but not nearly on the scale of the early sass's. Fire patrols did continue with local civilian aircraft if they were available. Aircraft such as the Devaluing Moth were used for patrol and reconnaissa nce work. In 1929, in response to a outbreak of western hemlock eloper in Indian Arm near Vancouver, the Branch conducted an â€Å"experimental Figure 5: Devaluing Gypsy Moth Race 1935 dusting† project with a Boeing Flying Boat. 200 pounds of calcium arsenate was spread over 45 acres reportedly with â€Å"satisfactory results†. Primarily due to the Depression, the period between 1932 and WI proved to be lean years for aviation and fire suppression in the province. Fire suppression funding was severely curtailed during this time. Figure 6: Boeing Flying Boat dusting project Figure 7: Boeing BIB Flying Boat Indian Arm 4 WI and Post War Years During the Second World War Forest Branch personnel again recognized the value and potential of aircraft, particularly float planes in the fire detection and suppression roles.In 1942 they noted â€Å"there will be room for air transport in the post-war organization of the Forest Branch†. During this period lookout trained in the identification of hostile aircraft assisted the military as part of the â€Å"Aircraft Detection Corps†. In return the military provided reconnaissance and transport flying when available. In 1943 and '44 local aircraft were chartered for specific projects. In 1945 the Branch contracted 2 float aircraft based in the Fort George District. One plane was smaller, suitable for reconnaissance work and the able to move men and equipment to remote fires.These aircraft also flew in the Nelson and Sampson Districts that season. The success of these aircraft lead to the addition of a second contract in 1946. Two Cessna Crane aircraft on wheels were based in Sampson and Nelson as well as the float aircraft in Fort George. This new contract was with Central B. C. Airways Ltd. Which went on to become Pacific Western Airlines in 1953. This started a lengthy association with this company into the sass's. Figure 8: Fairchild 82 Nelson River 1944 AN-08394 Parachute tests were conducted wi th the Crane in Sampson in 1946 using U. S. Surplus 6†² cargo chutes.Figure 9: Cessna Crane 5 After the war, in response to the demands of Canadian bush operators, Devaluing Aircraft of Canada Ltd. Signed and developed the DC 2 Beaver. The prototype aircraft registered as CB-FEB. serial # 1 first flew in August 1947 and was acquired by Central B. C. Airways in early 1948. It wasn't long before FEB. was part of the B. C. Forest Service's contract fleet. Nearly 1700 Beavers were built between 1947 and 1968 and were registered in over 60 countries. There are many Beavers operating commercially and privately DC 2 the most popular bush aircraft in history.Figure 10: Beaver CB-FEB. near New Denver 1950 CB-FEB. is now preserved and on display at the Canadian Aviation and Space Museum in Rocklike / Ottawa. Over the next decade, the use of aircraft increased and became nearly routine. Workhorse types such as the Mourned Norman and Junkers JUJU/34 were used extensively, more often than n ot on floats. They transported and supported crews and supplies not only on fires but on projects such as lookout construction, saving a tremendous amount of time and money. One project saw the freely drop of packaged lumber to a drop site with the Junkers WWW aircraft.Figure 1 1: Central BC Airways Junkers W 34 transport Figure 12: Freely lumber drop Junkers 34 1949 AN-09884 6 By 1954 the Forest Service had a interact with Pacific Western Airlines for 6 float aircraft including: 4 Beavers, 1 Junkers 34 and 1 Fairchild 71 . They were based at Vancouver, Lakes, Prince George, Sampson and Nelson. All aircraft had a minimum 1000 pound payload and were paradox equipped. These were on top of the many charter operators and aircraft available throughout the province by the mid ass's.Several other Forest Service Divisions used the contract and charter aircraft including Surveys and Inventory Division. Figure 13: Pacific Western Airlines Norman 1956 In the late spring of 1955 disaster struck . A Pacific Western Cessna 180 floodplain (similar to the one pictured at right) departed Ocean Falls with the pilot and 3 survey creamers with the Forest Surveys and Inventory Division. Their eventual destination was Keenan where the survey crew camp was located. The aircraft never arrived. A search was military and 8 PAW aircraft.The aerial search officially ended on June 22nd. Forest Service survey vessels searched for another week or more, but the aircraft and occupants were never found. Figure 14: Cessna 180 floodplain Figure 1 5: Pacific Western Airlines Scans and Norman were part of the aerial reach 7 To illustrate the tremendous growth in the post war aviation industry in B. C. , by the spring of 1959 the Pacific Western Airlines fleet consisted of: 6 DC g's, 2 C ass's, 2 DC g's, 12 Norman, 23 Beavers, 2 Mallards, 8 Cessna ass's and 10 Bell 47 helicopters. Ass's and on Other aircraft types that emerged in the sass's and early ass's included the Fairchild Husky F II and the D evaluing DC 3 Otter, both of which also operated as water bombers. By 1965 the Forest Service contract fleet (in addition to retainers, birdsong and helicopters) consisted of 3 Beavers based at Vancouver, Sampson and Nelson, and 1 Otter based at Prince George. Their primary role was transporting fire fighters, work parties and supplies to inaccessible areas. On occasion they would serve in the roles of air patrol and reconnaissance.Figure 16: Fairchild Husky F II 6 Piper Super Cub PA ass's were also on contract to the Province. These 2 seat aircraft started flying for the Forest Service in 1960. In 1965 two were based at Dawson Creek, two at Smithies, one at Williams Lake and one at Keelson. They were considered â€Å"flying lookouts† whose sole purpose was fire detection. They flew fixed patrol routes coverage. Figure 17: Devaluing DC 3 otter Figure 18: A Skyway Air Services Super Cub – illustrating oversized tires for use in soft, rough field operations 8 Again, in r esponse to demands of operators and customers, Devaluing Aircraft developed the DDCD Twin Otter.This twin engine turboprop aircraft was generally a replacement for the single Otter and provided greater reliability, payload and retained the short take off and landing (STOOL) capabilities. The Twin Otter's first flight was in May 1965. It went on to become a success internationally and has been a workhorse in B. C. For over 40 years in wheel, float and ski infatuation. We would be remiss in not mentioning the Grumman line of Figure 19: Air west DDCD -rate otter amphibious aircraft. The Grumman Widgeon, Goose and Mallard undoubtedly played an important part in this era in the history of B.C. F. S. Transport flying, especially on the coast. Figure 20: Grumman Widgeon – Harrison Airways Figure 21: Grumman Goose – BC Airlines 1968 Sandpit Figure 22: Grumman Mallard – Pacific Western Airlines 9 1967 proved to be the heaviest flying year in history to that point. Transp ort and reconnaissance flying in the province reached nearly 9000 hours with contract and harder aircraft, and accounted for over 40% of the overall flying that summer. Numbers and types of provincial contracted aircraft remained fairly static through and equipment was still in it's infancy through this period.The sass's saw increased use of agricultural aircraft in aerial spray, fertilization and grass seeding projects on the coast and in the southern interior. The Cessna 188 Goanna operated by Contain Aviation was a popular resource on these projects. Figure 23: Early ass's shot of Contain C 188 – possible tests of aerial drops of seedlings in plastic bullets Figure 24: Contain Goanna – spray calibration with Radiomen dye The Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre was formed in June of 1982 with British Columbia as one of the founding members. Cuff's mandate included â€Å"a cost effective sharing of resources†.The 1985 fire season was one of the worst in dec ades with over 3600 fires consuming 235,000 hectares. At peak periods there were over 8,000 firefighters employed. CIFS was to become a major benefit during this season. Aside from some aerial detection aircraft, there were no support or transport aircraft on long term contracts during this period. Several aircraft were placed on short term agreements, usually for 30 day periods. Douglas DC as and Figure 25: DC 3 operated by North Caribou Air 10 several Beech 200 King Airs were put on these agreements to guarantee their availability.The North Caribou Air Docs were kept very busy transporting firefighters and fire equipment especially in the southeast of the province. The King Airs were used primarily for transport of personnel, however one operated by Contain provided infrared mapping services on the larger fires in the south of the through the National Safety Council of Australia. Air patrols flew over 10,600 hours in 1985. Figure 26: Contain King Air infrared aircraft at Scrapbook 1985 † Ram† fire in the background The B. C. F. S. Continued to use short term agreements for transport aircraft when needed through the late sass's and early sass's. Ass's and on The development of provincial sustained action (Unit) crews in the late sass's and early ass's lead to the need to transport these crews quickly, often from one end of the province to the other. In 1992 the province entered into a long term seasonal contract with Transcriptional Airlines for the services of a Contain 580. This also allowed for long distance pre-positioning of Initial Attack crews. Figure 27: TAP CIVIC safety Features card 1992 Figure 28: Trans-provincial C.V. 580 at Keelson 1992 11 In early 1993 Trans-provincial was purchased by Harbor Air and the B.C. F. S. Contract was continued with Keelson Flightiest Ltd. Flightiest (KEF) continued with the long term agreement through the busy 1994 fire season. They provided a â€Å"comb'† aircraft capable of carrying personnel and equipment together in the cabin area. In 1995, Contain Aviation supplied a contracted Devaluing Dash 7 leased from Trans Capital Airlines Figure 29: Flightiest C.V. 580 Sampson with fire crews 1994 from Ontario. The aircraft proved to e a success and led to negotiations with Contain over the winter of 1995 196.Figure 30: Contain/Trans Capital Dash 7 Bootstrap 1995 Figure 31 : Dash 7 C-EGGS demoralizing fire crews at Sampson ownership of aircraft? After 78 years, in January of 1996, the Forest Service Protection Branch entered into a Joint Venture partnership agreement with Contain Aviation for the ownership of a 4 engine DC Dash â€Å"comb'† transport aircraft. 12 The aircraft could seat up to 44 passengers and had an area dedicated for firefighting equipment or other cargo. The aircraft (registered as C-FIJI) was ideal for crew deployments within B. C. And to other adjacent agencies.The aircraft operated through the 2001 fire season, at which time Contain chose to limit thei r operations to fixed wing firebombing aircraft. The aircraft and parts were sold to Trans Capital in 2002. It went on to serve with the United Nations overseas. Figure 33: Dash 7 Captain outlining ramp procedures to fire crews prior to departing from Castle. Figure 32: Unveiling of Joint Venture Dash 7 spring of 1996 Contain President Barry Marksmen and Protection Branch Director Jim Dunlop in attendance. Figure 34: Interior of ‘vowel showing dedicated cargo area. Tourism Industry Tourism Industry of Bangladesh Term Paper International Business BUS 301 Submitted on: 20th July 2014 Letter of Transmittal Sub: Submission of term paper for completion of academic course Dear Madam, This is to inform you that we have completed our term paper on Tourism Industry of Bangladesh for the Summer 2014 semester as a requirement of our academic course International Business (BUS 301 The report encompasses on the functioning, organization, growth prospect, and other Important facets of tourism In Bangladesh.Through this report a bridge between our classroom learning about the theories and he reality of tourism Industry In Bangladesh has been established. It was, Indeed a great opportunity to study this industry of our own country. For extending our scope for learning, we shall like to take this platform to thank you. In writing this report, we have followed your instructions for report writing so as to present our views and understanding in the easiest possible ways. However, it will be our pleasure to clarify any discrepancies that may arise.Thank you in anticipation. Acknowledgements On the very first note we will like to thank the Almighty for helping us to complete this paper. It has been an honor and privilege to work with all those wonderful people who have contributed something of theirs to this paper. There are certainly some special ones who cannot go without mention. We express our humble gratitude to our respected faculty Ms Seedy Carnaubas Shabby, for her continuous support, assistance, guidance, and encouragement that has helped us sparing her valuable time to read this report.Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 6 8 8 Industry 12 Export growth 19 Industry production . 24 policy 30 value 39 This report provides detailed information about tourism industry in Bangladesh in the light of international business. It provides an industry overview, size and growth, domestic market, related export and import, industry capacity, industry segment, sq uired resources, policy initiatives, demand drivers, value chain, and industry analysis under Porter's Diamond model.The theories which have been learned on Bangladesh tourism industry so that the actual functioning of the theories can be witnessed. Bangladesh is a land enriched in natural beauty. It has a rich history and cultural background that presents that presents it with a wide array of tourism facility. In order to make the best use of the natural resources and historical sites the country has developed modern facilities like hotels, motels, restaurants, theme parks, ND other recreation and communication modes.The emergence of globalization have facilitated this industry and contributed to the country's GAP in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, it is also assisting other related and supporting industries to rise. Several international players have highlighted Bangladesh positively as a tourism destination during the last couple of years. The worldwide Endorsers of Nature cam paign included Sandbars and Cox's Bazaar among more than 440 candidate locations from 220 countries. Along with only 27 locations Sandbars is still a part of the competition.World leading publisher of travel guides and guidebooks, Lonely Planet, recommended Bangladesh as one of the top ten interesting travel destination in 2009. New travel guides have been published on Bangladesh by international renowned publishers. There should be no doubt, national as well as international; the Bangladesh tourism sector has indeed potential. But to make a successful international tourism destination it is Just not enough that Bangladesh has an interesting history, culture, nature and society to show – much more is required.Tourism sector of Bangladesh needs to be boosted through tragic management to raise gross domestic product of the country. As such linkage among vision, mission, goal and result are required. This will enhance tourism opportunity of the country. Introduction This academi c report has been prepared with the aim of studying tourism industry of Bangladesh. The main intention was to have an elaborate understanding of the industry in order to comprehend this industry as an internationally recognized industry.Specific objectives General study on the industry – industry size, growth, capacity, domestic market, etc ; Analyze the export opportunities and potentials of this industry and the related imports that are being drawn by this industry ; Extensive learning on the industry production capacity, human resource and other factor requirements, policy initiatives, and demand facilitation ; Learn about the value chain of this service industry ; Incorporating theories with actuality Scope of the report The report consists of details analysis of tourism industry in Bangladesh from multiple dimensions.Thorough inclusion of theories and examples has enriched the report. This may be used for future academic and professional use to some extent. The keen anal ysis of issues can be effective if it is nurtured further. Methodology For this report mainly secondary sources have been used for data collection and analysis ; Text books Websites Journals Other reports and publications The major limitation of this report is that it is strictly based on secondary data. No primary research has been conducted.An overview of various matters has been brought forward, but it is deficient in terms of objectivity to a little extent. Therefore, much elaborate research and groundwork has not been conducted. Furthermore, access to recent data few cases proved to be challenging. Outline: Tourism in Bangladesh is a developing foreign currency earner. The country was listed by Lonely Planet in 2011 as the â€Å"best value destination†. Bangladesh tourist attractions include, historical and monuments, resorts, beaches, picnic spots, forests and tribal people, wildlife of various species.Bangladesh offers ample opportunities to tourists for angling, water skiing, river cruising, hiking, yachting, sea bathing as well as bringing one in close touch with pristine nature. In the northern part, imprisoning the Rajahs division, there are archaeological sites, including the temple city Putrid in Rajahs; the largest and most ancient archaeological site, Manslaughter in Bogart; the single largest Buddhist monastery, Paragraph in Mango; the most ornamental terracotta Hindu temple in Bangladesh Kantian Temple, and many Raisers or palaces of old Seminars.In the south-eastern part, which is the Chitchatting division, there are natural and hilly areas like Chitchatting Hill Tracts, along with sandy sea beaches. The most notable beach, in Cox's Bazaar, is a contender for the title of longest unbroken sandy sea beach in the world. Cox's Bazaar is the longest natural unbroken sea beach in the world. In the south-western part, the world with Royal Bengal Tiger and spotted deer. The historically and architecturally important sixty domed mosque in Bege tter is a notable site. In the north-eastern part, Sylphs division, there is a green carpet of tea plants on small hillocks.Natural reserved forests are great attractions. Migratory birds in winter, particularly in the hoar areas, are also very attractive in this area. Overview of the Industry Ministry of Tourism and The Civil Aviation Ministry design national policies for the velveteen and promotion of tourism. The Ministry also maintains the Beautiful Bangladesh campaign. It was an ancient state founded around 300 BC where Bengal region (Bangladesh and West Bengal) lies today according to the information available from Wisped.Greek, Latin and Egyptian accounts about Sangria suggested that the country was located in the detail region of South Bengal. In many meetings, conferences, talk shows, seminars and travel fairs that were held in Dacha, the principle speakers including the tourism minister and senior tourism officials speak about tourist arrivals and tourism revenue. But thes e figures are not accepted as reliable by many users, because their mode of collection is not often dependable.The â€Å"tourist arrival† figures are calculated on a monthly basis by the police department from reports at the entry check points and not by professionals. The foreign exchange figures are released by the Bangladesh Bank on the basis of returns furnished by the stakeholders of the tourism industry. While reports from tourism earnings are regular, the reports on tourist arrivals lag behind by years for reasons only known to government. During the last five years (2006-2010) Bangladesh achieved a total number of 15, 29,000 visitors and earned IIS$ 413. 00 million.In order to make these figures more reliable at the national and at the international levels, steps should be taken by the government to modernize the methods of collecting such statistics. There is a Tourism Satellite Accounting System for aggregating the figures of tourist arrivals and earnings, which hav e been introduced by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNTO). Bangladesh, a founding member of the UNTO, should avail this technical assistance from UNTO under the ‘digital' Bangladesh program for streamlining these compilations.The World Travel and Tourism Council (WATCH) and UNTO reports say that international arrivals have been positive in 2012, although in the Euro Zone, due to sovereign debt issues and national austerity policies, tourism spending has declined. The pace of growth in the developing countries, including Bangladesh, is faster than in developed nations. Tourism and the resultant employments in the sector fluctuate with every major incident that affects the world; namely the global melt-down of banks, climate change, Tsunami and incidents like Arab spring.In order to adjust to the fluctuations, major tourist destinations adjust their tourism policies in time. The US government is very much awake to the problems of fluctuations. President Obama in January last year signed a law, The Travel Promotion Act 2010, to take steps in keeping domestic tourists at home and to attract more inbound tourists; keeping in mind that the number of Chinese visitors is expected to grow by 259% in the next 5 years and the number of Brazilian tourists is expected to swell by 83%.The US government is also liberalizing entry formalities by waving/relaxing the visa rules and allowing the undertaking giant travel promotion campaigns in their market areas and using high- profile spokes persons, websites, social media tools to work together to bring together interesting â€Å"traveling opportunities† to the international public and the traveling professionals.Comparing the situation of US, which look at all the problems affecting the globe with Bangladesh, may sound utopian but the point that is being made here is that the Bangladesh government should learn from the best practices in tourism development, and activate the government outfits to re spond to the modern marketing needs. Industry Size and Growth The government created the Tourism Board in 2009, in addition to the Bangladesh Parental Corporation, which existed for the last 40 years to expedite the growth of tourism in the country.It now appears that both the organizations are less active in their divided filed of activities. It has been learnt from a very senior officer of the Bangladesh Parental Corporation that during the last financial year (2011-2012), the government allocated TX. 650. O million to the Board for promoting and branding Bangladesh. A bulk of this allocation has remained unused. During the last year, the Board participated in some international tourism fairs but their presentations were the poorest due to a lack of experience.The Board is composed of 11 representatives drawn from various ministries of the government and 5 directors from private sectors, who do not directly transact with any tourism business. The Board is supposed to meet once in every 2 months to transact business but nothing is known about their activities. The Board does not inform the print and electronic media. There is a National Tourism Policy in the country and there is a National Tourism Council headed by the Prime Minister.But nothing is known to the public about the activities of this high level council. At present Cox's Bazaar, an unplanned beach town, having nearly 450 hotels and the motels, experiences seasonal traffics; and all kinds of illegal activities are conducted there, according to personal experience of some local and many foreign tourists and some official who work in the hotels there. The Ministry of Civil Aviation and Tourism, despite its existence from 1975, has not been able to bring out any official hotel guide, travel agents guide and tour operators guide.The minister is generally seen performing routine functions such as banning mooing in tourist hotels (government by a law) has banned smoking in public places inauguration of 3 -4 travel fairs in a year and these travel fairs promote foreign destinations, rather than domestic tourist centers. Many promises came from the minister pretty fast before the listeners in the recent past, but the follow-up by his ministry remained pretty slow. At present, despite some investment in putting Bangladesh on the international tourism map, there has been a significant failure to make any real impression.The first priority for any Marketing and Communications activity is to rectify this failure. The government must define the key target audiences; analyze what the target group needs: history, archaeology, culture, heritage, cuisine and shopping; create affordable flights and facilitate travel documentation including making visas easy and accessible, especially for potential travelers from key markets (US, Europe, Australia, Japan and China).The present unhelpful attitudes of missions aboard and at the entry points to harass foreign travelers have to be rectified. It must be understood that welcoming the tourists and accommodation. Because of the very absorbing capacity of this industry which is influenced by the functions of many ministries, departments and private sector enterprises, the scope of tourism activities have expanded.UNTO, WATCH, ILL and UNESCO say that: tourism can generate revenue in areas of high biodiversity; tourism can raise public support for conservation since it can provide environmental education to visitors and local/rural people; tourism can catalyst economic opportunities for local/rural people; tourism can be less environmentally damaging than other revenue generating industries based on natural resources; tourism may be one of the few economic activities suited to take place within conservation areas coated on marginal land and tourism based on natural resources can theoretically be sustainable if its impacts are managed and mitigated.The multiplier effect of the tourist dollar bigger, as the dollar changes hands through 13 beneficiaries within the country. Most destination countries have superb five-star resorts and attractions, unique culture, landscape and heritage. Each place describes itself as having the friendliest people, and high standards of customer service. As a result, the need for destinations to create an identity -? to differentiate themselves from their competitors -? is more critical than ever.The ‘Beautiful Bangladesh' slogan, upon which such activities are based at present, is common place and uncompetitive, in a highly sophisticated and competitive market. The work behind branding this nation should be done in Bangladesh, in consultation with sociologists, economists, researchers' economists and environmentalists. Tourism product development is designed to increase the income in the sector by implementation of a comprehensive plan of action that will guide towards dealing with estimated increase in business over the short, medium and long-terms.The strategies for the deve lopment and management of tourist destinations should, therefore, consider the needs and interests of all stakeholders in the tourism system: local/rural community, entrepreneurs, investors, governments, tourists and others. Tourism development needs social dialogue including negotiation, consultation and exchange of information between government, employers and workers on issues of common interest. The goal is to promote consensus building and democratic involvement with the stakeholders of tourism.This should start now and the existing gap be filled. Not only does the lands of Bangladesh have a history that goes back as much as 5,000 ears as an early civilization, an early international center of trade and commerce, it has the tangible, as well as the documentary, circumstantial and empirical evidence to demonstrate that through the centers of tourism attractions. Domestic market The attraction of tourism of a country depends upon its geology, natural beauty, heritage, archeology and history.Bangladesh, the ancient state founded around 300 BC is now a land of 154. 7 million people with an exponential market in tourism industry. With over 8% registered growth from the year 2000 to 2013 the domestic tourism market is full of potentials and opportunities. The domestic tourism of Bangladesh continues to be driven by major cities, like Dacha, Chitchatting, Rajahs and Sylphs etc. And mountain destinations for instance Reanimating, Geographic, Bandore.The locations hosting the massive salt water body like Kuwait, Cox's Bazaar are also the prime intention of native travelers plus the islands across the Bay nowadays regard personal well-being and relaxation as key factors in refreshing their daily lives, the home tourism flow showed smooth growth over the years and the stream of people in the popular tourist attractions rise in its peak in time of three ajar occasions-in the winter and after two Did festivals; Led-LU-fitter and Did-LU- dada.Over year growth of domest ic tourism Year Growth rate (Based on the number of trips and revenue from tourism sector) 2009 – 20104% 2010- 20116% 2011 – 20127. 25% 2012- 20138% To lodge this huge and consistent in ward flow of travelers in these cities, hotel and resort business flourishes impressively. Range of national and international hotels mounts in at the popular tourist destinations to give the travelers a sense of relief and relaxation from the monotony of city hustle and bustle. Hotel Roseville, Hotel Supreme and Maximizing resort are the popular choice of Sylphs.In Chitchatting, Hotel Graded, Hotel Costal Palace, Seagull hotel are operating in full swing. Hash's Inn, SUB Hotel International, Parental Motel etc. Are doing their business in Rajahs. In Ranging Parental Motel, Shah Manta Inn and Hotel North View are the first choice of the customers. Reports Bangle (hotel). Dacha Regency hotel, Platinum Suites are few among the range of hotel experience anyone can enjoy in the capital city of Bangladesh. Few top ranked hotels and resorts of Bangladesh tourism industries are Resort/ Hotel Special Features and LocationDacha Weston Location: Goulash Avenue, Plot-01, Road 45, Dacha 1212, Bangladesh. Height : 85. 91 m (281. 9 Ft), Rooms : 241 Restaurants : 6 , Floors count : 24 Hotel Garden Inn Fully air-conditioned rooms, gym facility, Wi-If advantage, sports zone, rent a car service, conference hall, separate swimming pools. Location: Sleet, Garden Tower, Shah]all Bridge Link Road. Radios Blue Water Garden Five star hotel services, with spa, health club and pool, business lounge facility, free WI-IF, grab and run late checkout facility, expressed checkout and one touch service. Location: Airport road, Dacha Cantonment, Dacha 1206.Coral Blue Only resort in SST. Martins. Facilities for diving, 24 hour reception Apart from the travel to cities and favorite destinations; local festivals and traditions fiestas as well as food tourism and cultural activities are increasingly driving Bangladesh countrymen to discover their nation state more exclusively than ever before. The food industry literally starts booming from the years of the recent past. A number of local and international food courts and restaurant chains are introduce and they are plating high quality international standard recipes with local style, spices and taste in it.To mention few names, international chain restaurants like KEF, Pizza hut, A, Node's and native delights like Nana barbarian, Beauty leach, Mistake chap, Handier barbarian will come upfront. Major tourist attractions of Bangladesh Although there is room for improvement in tourism industry, still there exist a handful of tourism spots for visits. These limited facilities are concentrated in some places, like Dacha, Chitchatting and Sylphs Divisions. In Chitchatting Division, the site seeing facilities are mainly located at Cox's Bazaar, Reanimating, Saccharine and Bandanna districts.Maintain at Comical is an important archaeol ogical site and Alabama Fort in Dacha is a great historic site. In Sylphs Division, the major tourist attractions are located mainly at Gaffing, Manhandled, Tea gardens and the Shrines of Hardhat Shah Jail and Shah Porn. Some renowned attractions in Rajahs Division are Cantata's Temple, Swapping, Rampages and Raja at Dinosaur, Paragraph at Nonage, and Manslaughter at Bogart. In Kulak Division, some attractions are Shutterbug Mosque at Begetter and Sandbar, the largest mangrove forest in the world, is located in the southern part of Kulak Division along the Bay of Bengal.This mangrove forest has been declared as a World Heritage site. There is no denying the fact that, Bangladesh has not made enough efforts to preserve and develop its tourism sites of historical, cultural and environmental interests and that is reason why Bangladesh is not earning as per the expectation from this prospective industry of tourism. Considerable efforts of the Government as well as private sectors are ne cessary here to make this industry flourish so that the domestic market can rise and people of our country gets more interested in discovering their own country ether than visiting other countries as holiday destination.Export growth regarding size and market In tourism industry export is regarded as percentage (%) of total export; which is basically the international tourist receipts (% of total exports) in Bangladesh. An international tourist receipt means the expenditure by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These payments include any other payment made for goods or services received in the destination country. The data shown in the graph shows that international tourist receipts got a onwards trend with some fluctuations.There is lack of budgetary allocation and scarcity of trained people for the development of tourism sector in Bangladesh and to international tourist through advertisement in international print a nd electronic media. Eventually these factors lead to a stagnant growth rate and make the tourism industry a slow operating revenue generating entity. The data shown in the graph reveal that foreign earnings got a rhythmic upward trend for the first 6 years(2001-2006) and then it remained almost stable for the following few years (2006-2010).

Front Office Operation

Front Office Operations Adam Fikis Week #6 Reservations * Definition: An agreement reached between a supplier and a traveler or travel agent or a clerical or electronic process whereby a seat, a room, a berth or other accommodation is withdrawn from sale and set aside for the use of a specific person, often on payment of a deposit. Reservations Outcomes * Guest Perspective * Having a guestroom ready and waiting when they arrive * Should not be just any room, but the room that best meets the guest needs expressed during the reservations process. * Hotel Perspective The reservations process should provide the highest occupancy and the room revenue possible. Reservation and Sales * Before Automation: * Agents focused on room availability information. * Not able to identify room type. * Agents would note special request on the reservation. * Certain bedding type, smoking, non-smoking, scenic view * Front desk fulfill such request at the time of check-in. * At the same time agents were re sponsible for maximizing occupancy & revenue * Incentives were provided to sell higher priced rooms during check-in. After Automation: * Agents can review room and rate information for specific dates * Request for specific room types, location, and special features can be immediately acknowledged and quickly confirmed as a part of the reservations process. * Agent create an image of the hotel to the callers * Reservations agents are not order takers and are trained in sales techniques. * Reservation now is viewed as part of sales department. Role of the Sales Department in Reservations * Primary Source of Reservations Group Sales Managers or Representatives create group reservations * Corporations, trade associations or SMERF(Sports, Military, Educational, Religious, Fraternal) * Actual reservations may go the reservations department by phone, fax, website etc. * Sales office originated the sale * Sales Department also generate sales from other markets * Transient, Corporate, Leisur e etc. * A major function of the Sales department is to familiarise local businesses and travel agencies about the benefits and features of the property. * Depending on the type of hotel Sales Managers maybe assigned to work with travel agencies, Internet websites, and other reservations distribution outlets * Distribution channels should be familiar with the hotel’s characteristics and surrounding areas * To create a positive impression of the property and the travel destination * Sales Managers are often provided with financial or other incentives for meeting or exceeding their sales goals. * Sales objectives and incentives (including promotions) are now related to revenue rather than room sales as previously done in the past.Types of Reservations * Guaranteed Reservations: (A guaranteed reservation assures the guest that the hotel will hold a room until a specific time of the day following the guest’s scheduled arrival date. ) * Prepayment * A room reservation in wh ich guests, prior to their arrival, provide payment for their rooms. Sometimes referred to as an â€Å"advanced deposit† reservation. * Credit Cards * Reservations are secured by a credit card number. In exchange for your card number, the hotel promises to have a room for you no matter when you show up on the day. Advance Deposits * Requires that the guest pays the hotel a specified amount prior to arrival, usually large enough to cover 1 night’s room and taxes. * Travel Agent * Travelers pay the agency in advance for transportation and room charges; and the agency in turn guarantees the reservation. * Corporate * A corporation entering into an agreement with an hotel, which states that they will accept financial responsibility for any no-shows travelers the corporation is sponsoring. * Voucher / Miscellaneous Charge Order (MCO) * Guest prepays an amount to the agency.The agency forwards the Voucher/MCO to the hotel as proof of payment and guarantee that the prepaid am ount will be sent to the property when the voucher is returned to the travel agency. * Non-Guaranteed * Hotel agrees to hold a room for the guest until a stated reservations cancellation hour * Usually 4:00 p. m. or 6:00 p. m. * Does not guarantee the property will receive payment for no-show * The room is released back into the generally inventory if guest does not arrive by stated time. Reservation Inquiry / Sources Property Direct * Telephone * Mail * Traditional / Electronic * Property Web Site * Property to Property * Faxes * TDD (telecommunications device for the deaf) * Through a central reservation system * Affiliate System * A hotel reservations system in which all participating properties are contractually related * Non-Affiliate System * Subscription system designed to connect independent and non-chain properties * Usually assumes responsibility for advertising * Only accepts certain quality or limited number of hotels in an rea to keep price of their service high * Examp les – Hazelton Toronto & Chateau Bonne Entente (Leading Hotels of the World) * Preferred Hotels & Resorts (Soho Metropolitan -Toronto) * Distinguished Hotels & Resorts (Le Grand Lodge Mont-Tremblant) * Cluster Reservations Office * Chains that have several properties in a geographic area may opt to establish a single reservations or cluster office * Similar to hotel chain reservations system, but serves only a specific location instead of the entire company. All reservation enquiries are channeled through cluster office * Room rates and availability can be coordinated * Cross selling of other cluster properties * Global Distribution Systems (GDS) * Support the distribution of airline tickets, car rentals, hotel inventories with service providers, suppliers & intermediaries. * SABRE, GALILEO, WORLDSPAN, AMADEUS * Inter-sell Agencies * A reservations systems contracted to handle bookings for more than one product line. It is like a â€Å"One Stop Shop† or â€Å"One call does it all†. Handles booking for * Airline companies * Car agencies & lodging properties * Internet Distribution Systems (IDS) * A process by which Hospitality, Travel & Tourism companies offer on-line reservations services via the internet. Group Reservations & Terms * Usually involve(s) a variety of contacts: * In some instances (guests, meeting planners, CVB(Convention & Visitors Bureau), travel agents, tour operator, hotel sales staff etc. ) * Block: An agreed number of rooms is set aside If sufficient rooms are available * A Group Block must be monitored by reservation manager * Special identification code / Reservations Card * Given to prospective guests to reserve rooms within the group’s assigned block * Rooms reserved for specific guests are referred to as booked * If the group take away rooms from transient(non-group) Res. Manager must advise G. Manager. This is called NON-GROUP DISPLACEMENT. * Wash Down – reducing Block based on the group’s hi story * Cut-off date A pre-determined date when the hotel stops accepting reservations for the group * Group Resume * Summary of group activities, billing instructions, arrival / departure patterns * Key attendees and recreational / entertainment activities * Usually stored at the front desk * Group Contract: * states the number of rooms and quoted rate * states arrival, departure, and special consideration – such as complimentary room Reservation Records Identify guests and their occupancy needs before their arrival * Allows the hotel to personalize / customize guest services * Guest name (group name if applicable) * Guest’s home or billing address, telephone and email details * Guest’s company name and address, if any * Number of people and children * Room rate & type * Arrival date and time * Expected departure date * Method of guarantee (if any) * Corporate / Travel Agency Account Information * Special requests (Cribs, Smoking / Non-Smoking rooms, children, disabled etc. Reservation Confirmation / Cancellation * When the hotel acknowledges and verifies a guest room request and personal information by phone, fax, (e)mailing a letter of confirmation. They generally include the following: * Name & address of guest * Date and arrival time * Room type and rate * Length of stay * Number of person(s) in party * Reservations classification (guarantee/non-guarantee) * Reservations cancellation / confirmation number * Special requests, if any

Do you think that intercountry difference, affect HRM practices and Essay

Do you think that intercountry difference, affect HRM practices and strategies Discuss and debate the specific activities an in - Essay Example ..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8 a.Role of International Human Resource Manager †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 b.Resource-based View †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 c. Required Competence †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Introduction Intercountry differences refer to substantial distinction and variant geopolitics and economic relations adopted and practiced within specific respective region, including the dissimilarities of opportunities present in a social sphere (The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 2005, pp. 1-10). Some people would perceive that this egregious disparity violate their sense of being especially if there is little that can be done to transform the divergence between advanced and emerging country. Is this situation affecting corporate human resource management strategies and practices? This paper will critically discuss human resource management within the context of intercountry differences using peer-reviewed journals and books sourced from online publication and books from the library. The researcher will likewise demonstrate the significance of the importance between corporate and human resource (HR) strategy, including the management of performance and development. Researcher will likewise synthesize the inter-relationship between the key areas of organizational strategy and HRM. It is further hoped that researcher will be able to demonstrate the significance of wider environmental context in the d rafting and formulation of HRM strategy. The researcher will use qualitative study in the explication of the subject using descriptive narratives that are sourced from secondary peer-reviewed journals and books. Qualitative study offers complex textual descriptions about organizational experiences and observations notwithstanding the differing behaviours, beliefs, opinions, emotions, and relationships (Strauss & Corbin, 1990, p. 12). It is a generally used effective tool in identifying factors, social norms, socioeconomic conditions, and other causes associated in this study. Researcher maximize the historical and contemporary evidences to elucidate the subject matter hand and in correlating strategic human resource management with business management offshore. Whilst delving into the inter-country differences and its affects to human resource management, the researcher will likewise appreciates the contemporary values of the society that have serious implications in this study. Suc h encompassed concerns on beliefs, behaviours, objects, and characteristics, adhered by the populace in a society, including the oppressive system of governance, have strong influence in their decision-makings (Plummer, 1983, p. 18). Review of Literature Organizational strategists noted that human resource management is influenced by variegated factors and influences emanating from socio-political, cultural, and economic disparities. Intercountry inequities and disparities The market, which is less perfect, reflects such inequalities in power and wealth that is also deflected to opportunities and the manner on how resources are allocated and on how potentials are maximized (The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,

Stress Management Assessment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stress Management Assessment - Term Paper Example The second principle that he violated was lack of identifying the important issues in that there are those issues that have high and low importance that he should have considered, above all others. For example, he had so many interruptions from his subordinates in that some matters they were interrupting him would have waited like mail and phone calls. Additionally, by planning his schedule he would have managed to indicate matters that reduced urgency and those that did not. Efficient time management is a principle that requires that more be accomplished, and less time is wasted. Whereby it is important to plan things that one should do, but it does not mean that when an urgent matter arises, and it is important to should not be attended to by the individual(Whetten & Kim, 128). In the case of Chet, he violated the principles of efficient time management where he failed to list the things he would accomplish by the end of the day. Secondly, he did not prioritize his tasks. When he was coming from home to work, he wanted to complete the project before the end of the day, but when he got to the office, he found other managerial jobs waiting for him. Because he lacked a plan on how to work his schedule, he failed to accomplish an important task of completing his project, which has been pending for months. Chet has a problem of procrastinating his important tasks and setting them aside not realizing that he was increasing his workload by not attending to im portant matters. There is a problem in the organizational structure of the organization because first Norris Company in the Central plant has the head office meaning that all the productions are made in the company. However, Chet is the only manager in the whole facility and for that reason; he ends up carrying out tasks that he would have delegated to a personal secretary or an assistant manager. Secondly, the lower management has more employees compared to

Tax Memos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tax Memos - Essay Example Under Section 1212, Anita will be entitled to carry forward this capital loss to succeeding years, provided there is a net loss including all other similar type of transactions involving capital transfer. Moreover, Anita can claim a deduction of $600 from taxable income, since it is well within the limits amounting $3000, under Section 1211 (Cornell University Law School, â€Å"Limitation on Capital Losses†). While analyzing this situation, Anita, being a taxpayer has to refer to Section 267 of US Code of taxation, if she wants to sell the stocks to her sister, Kathy (Cornell University Law School, â€Å"Losses, Expenses and Interest with respect to transactions between Related Tax Payers†). Under Section 267, Kathy would be considered as a related party in this type of transaction between the two, Anita and Kathy and hence the amount of deduction will not be available then. However, sale of the stocks to her friend, Marcia will not attract Section 267. Marcia and Dave, who are married to each other is planning for a divorce agreement. They have two children and will be in the custody of Marcia after their separation. In accordance with the divorce agreement Dave decides to keep the boat and give away the home to Marcia. Dave and Marcia will also have to decide upon whether Marcia will be receiving the stocks which were acquired at $100,000 and having a present market value of $150,000 or in the form of yearly payments to Marcia for 5 years, with an included yearly interest @ 8% p.a. On analyzing this situation, the first consideration would be the tax consequences as a result of the transfer and settlement of properties. The immediate tax implications will be nil because Under Section 1041, any transfer of property within 1 year of the divorce will not amount to any gain or loss. However, it can have an effect in future, after 1 year, when either the home or the boat is sold by any of them and it can attract capital

Columbia Ave. Riots Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Columbia Ave. Riots - Essay Example It seemed to be the only avenue open to them due to so many discriminatory laws and practices despite the passage of many laws outlawing black discrimination in social, political, and economic spheres of life. In other words, discrimination was back then and even until now a very persistent problem that defied easy solutions. The race riots in Philadelphia were caused by some black activists who hijacked the sentiments or resentments of black people against a lack of equality and used these for their own ends. The city of Philadelphia in the mid-twentieth century had been divided into the white Philadelphia (southern portion) and the black Philadelphia (northern portion). This division is not only geographic but also economic and ethnic because the white southern Philadelphia in many ways was vastly superior to its northern part. White people in the southern portion had a better life in terms of economic opportunities, nicer neighborhoods with less crime, and had a more than fair share of good-paying jobs. This situation can be contrasted with its southern counterpart which had cheap government housing, more crimes, and less jobs to be had. Philadelphia has a great tradition in American history as it was the preferred city of the countrys Founding Fathers who often met in this city. The Declaration of Independence was made in Philadelphia in 1776 as well as the signing of the American Constitution in 1787. It is known as a place of religious and racial tolerance because it welcomes successive waves of immigrants from Europe such as the Dutch, then the English, and then much later, Swedes. They were soon followed in the next century by the Scots, the Irish, and German immigrants. The next century saw new arrivals from southern and eastern Europe such as the Greeks, the Poles, Italians, and Hungarians. Philadelphia became the second-largest city on the eastern seaboard after New York City and rivals it in terms of ethnical

Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics - Assignment Example The common form of genetic manipulation involves the insertion of new genetic material to a place that’s not specified in the host genome. This is done by isolating and copying the genetic material of interest by using molecular cloning methods in order to come up with a DNA sequence that contain the necessary genetic elements for expression. The construct is then inserted into the host organism. There exist other forms of genetic engineering such as gene targeting and knocking out of specific genes through engineered nucleases (Lemaux, 2006). Cloning though not considered genetic engineering or modification is closely related and genetic engineering has been seen to be used within it. Synthetic biology on the other hand is a discipline that is emerging where there is an introduction of artificially synthesized genetic material from raw materials into an organism. There are many resultants of genetic manipulations. When genetic materials from other species of organisms are add ed to a host the outcome is called a transgenic. When genes from same species that can interbreed are added to the result is a cisgenic. When genetic material is used to remove genetic material from another organism it results in a knockout organism (Lemaux, 2006). The process of genetic manipulation The first stage in genetic engineering is isolation of the gene. ... The third stage is called gene targeting where the gene is inserted in the host genome. The most common technique for doing his is random placement. Other techniques involve placing the gene in specific locations. Gene targeting uses is known to use homologous recombination to target desired changes to a specified endogenous gene (Beardmore & Porter, 2003). The fourth stage is called transformation and this is where the DNA is moved into an organism thereby altering its genotype or genetic makeup. There are various types of transformations but the most common is the Microinjection-injecting the DNA directly into the cell nucleus using an ultrafine needle. The fifth stage is called selection where the transformed cells are differentiated from the untransformed cells. If a given cell has been transformed successfully it usually contains a marker gene. The selection is done by growing the cell in a chemical that marks the cells that express that gene. The sixth stage is called regenerat ion where the organism is grown from the single transformed cell. In plants it is done through tissue culture while in animals it is done in embryonic cells. The last stage is confirmation and this is where the organism is analyzed to ensure that the genes will be expressed in an appropriate manner in the tissues of the organism. All the above seven steps are followed for successful genetic manipulation (Beardmore & Porter, 2003). Genetic safety There are many safety concerns that are brought about by genetically modified organisms. This has made studies be undertaken in this area to ascertain the extent to which the genetically modified organisms are safe in our environment or are safe for our consumption

Business plan of a gym in Saudi Arabia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Business plan of a gym in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example Saudi Arabia is a developing nation and provides a huge prospect for new business. Though political unrest and men women segregation is a area of concern but the commitment of the government towards new reforms shows a ray of hope. The country is very eager in welcoming foreign investment, which is good news for the investors. Though the new gym may face competition from the existing businesses but it can overcome that obstacle by providing updated equipments and better customer service. To attract more and more customer it can provide some lucrative introductory offer and some combo offers too. Member should be given higher privileges. Customer’s feedbacks are to be taken regularly and should work on them. In the initial years the company should look more towards attraction and retention of customer and less towards profit. The market of Saudi Arabia was analyzed on the basis of the secondary data. A thorough research was done by consulting various journals, books, newspaper and various governmental and nongovernmental websites to have an in-depth knowledge. These sources have helped to track the possible customer segment and analyze the competitors present in the market. An in-depth study of the political, economical, social, technological, legal and environmental framework of the nation was done to get a clear picture of the nation.... Legal requirement for starting a business: The legal formalities to be done for starting the business 6. General requirement: Overall requirement of the business 7. Operational Plan: the day to day operations are highlighted 8. Financial aspect: The financial projection of the gym 9. Conclusion: Some recommendation for the new business and its future prospects. Introduction Saudi Arabia is a huge country, well known for its arid deserts and various high lands covering of an area of about 2.15 million km. The overall climatic condition is dry and hot with scarce rainfall but some of the south- western and western coastal areas experiences heavy rainfall. Saudi Arabia serves as the world largest reserve for petroleum and exporter as well. Most of its wealth comes from the industrial sector. Oil and petroleum mining contributes about 51% of the GDP whereas service sector contributes about 43% and about 5% is contributed by the agriculture1. Obesity is an area of concern for the whole wo rld. It is affecting all the levels of society and is coined with the name as Global Epidemic. In recent years high rate of child obesity is observed in the developed countries as well as in developing countries2. Obesity among children and adolescents has become a public health problem for the Eastern Mediterranean region. With rapid changes in nutrition and urbanization in the recent times, Saudi Arabia has estimated about â€Å"26.6% and 10.6% of the adolescents aged 13-18 years are overweight or obese† respectively3. Furthermore the serial cross- sectional assessment carried out in Saudi children and adolescents on Body Mass Index (BMI) or percentage of fat in the body has confirmed a rising trend in obesity. Overweight along with obesity among adults especially among 30-60 years is

AbdolKarim Soroush Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

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Influencing Individuals and Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Influencing Individuals and Groups - Essay Example Negotiation is then sought, to amicably discuss and assess the situation and to find solutions to the problems incurred. In order to combat this, effective leadership is needed. Leaders become role models for people and help them to achieve goals. Wal Mart needs to resolve issues by finding feasible solutions for conflicts. Employees who have a positive attitude are a boon to an organization, and, it is easier to retain and train those employees rather than to try and modify those with a negative attitude. As conflict resolution needs participaton and collaboration of employees; Wal Mart helps in bringing about people development, collaboration and team work among its employees. School Press, H. 2006. Written Communications that Inform and Influence: The Results-Driven Manager Series (Paperback). Harvard Business School Press Books, 1. Retrieved from Business Source Complete

Essentials of Business Law Essay Example for Free

Essentials of Business Law Essay There are many types of contracts made between people, however there are several guidelines to follow for the contract to be valid. A contract is defined as an official agreement which can be written or an oral agreement. A contract is a promise that is made between two or more people and can be formal or informal. There are six elements that make the contract valid, if these elements aren’t present in the contract then it is not considered to be valid. The first element of importance would be that the two parties must have an offer. An offer is the actual promise or agreement that needs to be decided upon because this is what makes the whole contract exist. In order to make a valid offer, there should be at least two people or more so that they can create a legal contract. Then the offer must be accepted by the other party/parties to be a legal valid contract. Both parties must fully be aware of what is being offered as well as what the other party must do in return. Once the offer is made in a contract, the other party must accept the offer. The contract cannot be official without the other party accepting the offer. The other party can accept the offer that is being made by writing or verbally. The next important element in the contract is consideration. Consideration is when the other party gives something back in response to the offer being made. Consideration is anything of value that is given in exchange for goods or services, and is used to induce the other party to enter into a contractual agreement. This makes the contract similar to an exchange between the two parties. In order for a contract to be legally valid, there must be a consideration. Although the Contracts Act 1950 does not state anything on the necessity of the intention to create legal relations, it is considered very important to have this element when making a valid legal contract. This element is an agreement that is not a contract unless it is in the common intention of the parties that it should be legally enforced. Such as an agreement made between two people about belongings that should be inherited after a person’s death. Certainty is another important element in the contract, the guidelines and rules that are made in a contract must be clearly stated and understood by both parties involved in the contract. The agreement must be certain or the contract will no longer be valid. Capacity in the contract is described as the parties in the contract having the legal capacity to carry out the contract. The parties must be at least of the age of 18 or older. Minors or people below the age of eighteen do not have the capacity to enter into a valid contract legally. All types of contracts are different, for example some are long and contain a lot of legal termination while others are written in simple English and are only a page long. Contracts are also used for many different reasons such as for large corporate businesses to personal matters. The many different type of contracts are created for many different purposes such as fix-price contracts, labor contracts, and time- material contracts to name a few. These contracts are created different but they are still required to meet all the expectations of a legal valid contract. References Rogers, S. (2012). Essentials of Business Law. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

The Story Of Artemis Fowl English Literature Essay

The Story Of Artemis Fowl English Literature Essay The story of Artemis Fowl takes place in Ho Chi Minh City during the modern day or 20th century. The story begins in the summer and is about Artemis fowl, a 12 year old mastermind and the protagonist of the story ; hence the title Artemis Fowl. Artemis lives with his sick and weak mother in a machine. Artemis also has a bodyguard, named Butler, that travels with him everywhere he goes. Butler is not only his bodyguard but also his friend and companion. Butler is tremendously loyal and listens to every command Artemis throws at him. Artemis Fowl is mainly about Artemis meeting the LEP, a group of fairies with magical powers. The sprite that Artemis and Butler meets is extremely messy and is obviously an alcoholic. When they first confront her, they notice that she is very dirty, covered with mud, wearing old rags, and begging for wine. The sprite has a book, which is what Artemis wanted in the first place. Artemis wanted the book to learn about the history of the fairies and their cul ture. Artemis then tricks the fairy into giving him the book for 30 minutes, where Butler takes photos of every page and then later uploads them onto his computer where he has a copy of the book. The main conflict in the book is about Artemis family. Artemis dad, a genius like Artemis, is not mentioned much in the beginning of the story. There is a reason for that, Artemis dad is captured by the Russian Mafia when he tried to become an honest business man. He had a ship full of cola drinks for trade that sank and thats when they lost all their wealth and fortune. Artemis attempts to regain the fortune and wealth that the Fowl family lost. Artemis goes on his quest to regain the family fortune by using the book of the fairies and attempt to steal the fairy gold for his family. Regaining the family fortune is not the only reason why Artemis wants to take the gold, he also wants to help his weakened mother. Everyday Artemis sees his dying mother and that urges him to find some kind of money. Artemis mother sleeps in her bedroom all day. Juliet, a maid, takes care of Artemis mother. Characterization The storys protagonist is Artemis Fowl. Artemis Fowl is a 12-year-old mastermind and genius. He is one of the few that know about the existence of fairies, the other few being his bodyguard, Buter, and Juliet. Artemiss intelligence is highly developed compared to doctors, professors, and even psychiatrists. He reads more pschycology books than psychiatrists. Artemis can pass every test you throw at him. He has made the medical minds confused, and even sent many of them to their own hospitals. Artemis is obviously a child prodigy. Artemis uses his intelligence for criminal activities. For example, he uses his intelligence to trick the fairy into giving him the book. The fairy book was in fairy language, but that was no problem for Artemis. Artemis attempts to translate the WHOLE book from fairy language to english. He does so by trying to translate the language into Latin roots and even Greek roots. From the Latin or Greek roots he translates to english. Artemis can fluently speak man y languages including Gnommish. (The fairy language) Artemis is not athletic, but his intelligence makes up for this. Artemis is the type of boy that spends 10 hours in front of the computer screen. He doesnt do what the average kid would do and play games, instead he does heaps of research of fairy history. Title I think the title of the book Artemis Fowl is appropriate for the story, but I mainly think it is not appropriate. First off, I think the title is appropriate because the main character of the story is named Artemis Fowl. The story is about this character and thats about all that tells. On the other hand, I think the title is not appropriate because I think it is a little bland and dull. All the title says is a kids name and nothing else. With a title like that, it doesnt catch a readers eye. I think a better title would be something like Artemis Fowl and The Great Fairy Adventures because that gives a little glimpse into the story of what its going to be about. With that type of title, readers, especially kids are much more likely to read this book. Recommendation First off, this book is very good. The book just lures you into Artemiss point of view of his great adventures and quests. In this adventure filled book, readers will experience how intelligent Artemis is and how much he misses his father. Reading this book brings you along with Artemis and Butler as they meet many mythical creatures such as trolls, dwarves, and of course fairies. When finishing this book, you will already be in the library looking for the next one in the series. In my opinion, I think teenage readers would enjoy this book the most. I think this because this book is full of magic, prodigies, mythical creatures, and adventures. These elements are what teenage kids read the most these days, so this book is a wonderful book for teenagers.

Functional Areas of Organization

Functional Areas of Organization INTRODUCTION: Organisations are built about a group of functions, each of which provides support for the operations of the business. Functional departments each serve a specific purpose with an organisation to achieve its objectives. The most common functional areas of an organisation discussed below. Information need is an individual or groups desire to locate and obtain information to satisfy a conscious or unconscious need. The information and need in information need are inseparable interconnection. Information needs are related to, but distinct from information requirements. An example is that a need is hunger, the requirement is food. In large organizations, each of the functional departments may be separate, whereas smaller organizations may have integrated departments. Different functional areas of an organization are: Sales Purchase Manufacturing Marketing Finance Human resource Administration Comparison Contrasting Sales The sales team deal with customers and generate orders. The technioques used to generate sales varies between organisation,but some of the most common are telephone,door-to-door sales,advertising,and direct sales through representatives. Purchase The purchasing department is responsible for monitoring how many products or stock is required at any one time and buying accordingly. Manufacturing Depending on the type of organisation, one of the functional departments may be manufacturing, who would deal with all of the processing of product service. Marketing The marketing department advertise and promote the products or service of the organisation. In some case, it may be integrated with the sales function. Finance The primary function of the finance department is to ensure that there is financial stability within an organisation and a steady cash flow to support day-to-day transactions. Human resource The role of human resources is to provide support to the employees of an organisation. The primary function is to ensure the welfare of staff, by giving advice, guidance and motivation to enable them to work productively. Administration The administration function is integral to almost all organisations. Administrative staff works in all departments within organisations. Purchase: The purchasing department may also be responsible for buying in consumable products, such as stationery, to support the other functional departments within the organisation. Sales: the sales department may also provide supporting functions to other departments, particularly if the organisation does not have a dedeicated marketing or customer service department. Manufacturing : Large national or multi-national organisations offering a diverse range of products or services would certainly need a manufacturing department to spearhead product developments. Marketing: The marketing department will be involved in the few activities. Such as designing developing promotional materials, organising marketing events, likely launches and campaigns. Developing websites Finance: The finance department is responsible for payment and transaction, investments, accounting procedures, budges and forecasting Human resource: Human resource departments are also responsible for overseeing the recruitment of staff and the payroll as well as resignations and redundancies. Administration: Organising meetings, taking minutes, audio and touch typing and letter writing are some of the day to day tasks an office administrator undertakes.

James Baldwin and the Jewish Freedom Riders :: Civil Rights

When the call went out in the summer of 1961 for volunteers to ride buses throughout the South to help integrate public transportation, a large percentage of the people who made a commitment to take on this dangerous assignment were Jews. To be exact, nearly two-thirds of the Freedom Riders were Jewish which is â€Å"quite an amazing feat for a minority which made up less than 2% of the entire American population† (Weinblatt 5). Although Jews and African Americans are two very distinct, and often opposing, cultural groups in our society, the great struggle to end racism in America meshed these two groups tightly together. Their shared motivations, expectations and experiences in dealing with white racists during the civil rights movement are amazingly similar, especially when they are compared in the writings of African American essayist and activist James Baldwin and the personal recollections of the Jewish Freedom Riders. It is important to first discover what the reasons were for these Northerners (Jews and Baldwin) to travel into the South at around the time when the civil rights movement was just beginning to pick up speed. Baldwin decided to return home from Europe and venture into the South because he felt a great sense of guilt and helplessness while reading newspaper accounts about a young black woman who was humiliated and intimidated by white crowds in North Carolina while she was just trying to attend school. He experienced a powerful sense of outrage that â€Å"†¦made me furious, it filled me with both hatred and pity, and it made me ashamed. Some one of us should have been there with her!† (â€Å"Take Me to the Water† 383). Similarly, the young Jewish volunteers were motivated by a sense of moral indignation at the mistreatment of African Americans, feelings based on the persecution that their own cultural group has suffered at the hands of bigots for centuri es. One activist remembers having mixed feelings as he left his mother and wondered what she â€Å"†¦ a refugee from Nazi-occupied Austria, thought as I boarded that train to join the fight for other people's freedom† (Honigsberg 7). It was mainly an overwhelming need to become personally involved, to do their part, in the fight for equal justice that was the driving force for both African Americans like Baldwin and the Jewish Freedom Riders.

The Purpose of Education :: Philosophy of Education Teaching Teachers Essays

The Purpose of Education American youths attend schooling between the ages of approximately six to eighteen years of age. Yet, in this required schooling, oftentimes one is at a loss to understand why schooling is necessary for twelve years of each of our lives. I believe there are three reasons why a rigorous twelve-year education plan is mandated in this country. Students must developmentally be around their peer groups in their early youth, they must learn about how our society works, and must become educated enough in order to live in that society upon graduating. For those pursuing further education, K-12 schooling also helps students to find a desired subject area for them to preserve and/or enhance our society's growth and well-being. First, we find that the ages between six and eighteen are those when human behavioral skills exceed any other time in our lives. Before the age of six, young children are learning to speak and use basic motor skills. It is approximately at the age when we begin schooling that children are learning social behaviors. These behaviors include interacting with other children, communicating, and adapting to schedules that do not revolve around the child's own needs. Young children learn to abide by structured hours instead of basing their actions on what they want and need. This basic form of teaching children to begin to grow up is why education begins at the age that it does. Once we learn the basic behavioral skills and understanding that the world does not revolve around oneself, schooling is important for another reason. This reason is comprised of the actual content being taught. We must learn about our own society and the world in which we live in order to one day become an active part in them and be educated on what needs to be done to create positive changes. Students must learn their own language, other languages, mathematics, history, and sciences, so they understand what the world around them looks like and how it is changing. Toward the end of the later years of education, students often have options of taking certain high school classes to correlate with their interests. However, the primary goal is to educate all students thoroughly and not to concentrate on too much of any one subject.

History of West Point Essay

In 1778 George Washington, for whom West Point was always a crucial strategic position in the United States, appointed Kosciuszko as a chief designer of its first fundamental fortifications to which he moved his headquarters the following year. In 1802, President Jefferson officially opened the United States Military Academy at West Point. Under the superintendence of Colonel Thayer (1817-1833) who was also called the â€Å"father of the Military Academy†, higher academic standards were set and a great emphasis was put on military discipline and code of conduct. Civil engineering became the fundamental subject on the curriculum at West Point and for many years its graduates were the nation’s major constructors of the first bridges, roads, railway lines, etc in the USA (A Brief History of the Academy). During the American Civil War, both warring sides, the South and the North, were headed mainly by West Pointers, such as Grant, Sherman, Jackson, Lee, Sheridan, and others. West Point graduates also distinguished themselves in Europe during World War I. After the war, the academic curriculum at West Point was gradually diversified and enormous efforts were made to improve various physical fitness programs (A Brief History of the Academy). Among the most prominent West Pointers that distinguished themselves in World War II were military leaders such as Eisenhower, Bradley, MacArthur, Wainwright, Patton, Clark, Stilwell, and others. In the postwar period, the curriculum at West Point was broadened again and included science and technology. In 1964, the Corps of Cadets was increased from 2,529 to 4,417 resulting in the appearance of new facilities. The enrollment of women at West Point began in 1976 and each class now has approximately fifteen percent of female cadets. At present, the West Point Military Academy comprises over 4,000 cadets and every year it graduates over 900 officers (A Brief History of the Academy). â€Å"Page # 2† Code of conduct at West Point At West Point every cadet adheres to an ethical code of conduct called the Cadet Honor Code whose golden rule states: â€Å"A cadet will not lie, cheat, or steal, or tolerate those who do†. The Honor Code is a vital and important tradition that was initially formalized in 1922 by Superintendent MacArthur who also established the Cadet Honor Committee. The last part of the golden rule, however, was not included in its original version. In 1970, the code of conduct was revised resulting in the introduction of the â€Å"non-toleration† clause (Jones). The Cadet Honor Code in its present form has no boundaries and sets high standards of ethical behavior not only when cadets are at West Point, but also when they are at home or with friends. Living by the code means that cadets must strive for moral and ethical perfection and must never lie, cheat, steal, nor can they tolerate lying, cheating, or stealing by others. Cadets must be truthful, fair, and respect the rights and property of other people, and also assume responsibility for their actions. These principles constitute the Spirit of the Code whose goal is the development of leaders of characters. These high standards distinguish the Military Academy at West Point as well as its graduates from any other institution and students. For Cadets, they are fundamental principles of life, not just prohibitions (Jones). At the Academy, there is a democratic system of responding to any violation of the Cadet Honor Code. West Pointers are responsible for running the Honor System, convening Honor Investigations and Hearings of particular cases. The Cadet Honor Board consisting of six members gathers and evaluates the evidence to decide whether a Cadet is guilty of violation of the Honor Code. In case a cadet is found guilty of violation of any aspect of the code, Board members inform the Superintendent of his status who then decides what will happen to that cadet. In most cases, â€Å"dismissal† is the standard verdict but the cadet may also be given another chance to live honorably in the future (Jones). â€Å"Page # 3† Cadet life and religion at West Point A cadet’s life at West Point is very busy. A cadet’s daily schedule includes classes, study, physical education, athletics, military duties, and over hundred extracurricular activities coordinated by the Cadet Activities Office. Many instructors and officers reside at West Point and provide additional help and instruction to the cadets who need it, and also guide many extracurricular activities in which cadets are involved in their free time. These activities include language, aeronautics, astronautics, computer, engineering, athletic, and many other clubs (The West Point Experience). Sports play a very important role in the life of West Pointers developing self-confidence, competitiveness, and self-discipline in cadets. The Academy’s intercollegiate program includes twenty-four sports. In addition, cadets also publish publications such as â€Å"Howitzer†, â€Å"The Pointer†, or â€Å"Bugle Notes†; run the WKDT radio station; and write, produce, and perform plays and music. Extracurricular activities at West Point are viewed as an important aspect of a college community life (The West Point Experience). Religion is another important aspect of community life at West Point. The religious ministry comprising all major faith groups is provided not only for the Corps of Cadets, but also for the West Point staff. While performing the ministry, chaplains in religious communities are often assisted by councils consisting of cadets (Nonstandard Activities of the United States Military Academy). West Point cadets have the opportunity to attend chapel services and practice various religious observances. Cadets can join and regularly participate in chapel choirs, ceremonial rites, discussion groups, Sunday religious school classes run by various religious affiliations whose mission is to contribute to the spiritual and moral development of the West Point community (The West Point Experience). REFERENCES: 1. A Brief History of the Academy. Retrieved May 6, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. usma. edu/history. asp 2. Jones, D. United States Military Academy’s Honor Code and System. Retrieved May 6, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. usma. edu/Cpme/HS_Outreach/HS_Outreach. htm

Human Resource Development & Job Satisfaction Essay

Opportunities for schooling and knowledge ar paramount in decisions regarding employee c atomic number 18r choices. It is important that those in the clement resource development (HRD) look at how their cogitation affects those who they provide service. HRD is a issue that foc drops on dressing, c arer development and organisational development with the goal of improving processes and enhancing the acquirement and performance of individuals, organizations, communities and society (Judge and Saari, 2008). To accomplish this task, HRD practiti wholenessrs moldinessiness look at how training and development programs affect those employees who participate in them.They must be aware of how employees who participate in them perceive the information presented. They must be aware of how employees feel about the training and programs offered to them, and they must understand the components that make up personal credit line training joy from the employee standpoint. Employees hire the trainings as a frame performance to animal the federation upon. Job rapture is a major featureor in decisions regarding pluralitys biographys however it is naive to impound that race execution primarily to touch professional fulfillment and contrast ecstasy (Caruso, 2011).In fact, they limitm to counterfeit because what they produce on the job enables them to strike any(prenominal) they deprivation to achieve off the job. On the job, they must produce, which sometimes equals no enjoyment. either person has different reasons for toying. The reasons for working are as individual as the person. But, we every last(predicate) work because we obtain something that we need from work. The something obtained from work invasions morale, employee motivation, and the case of life. To get to positive employee motivation, sue employees as if they matter because employees matter (Judge and Saari, 2008).These ideas go out help you fulfill what people want from work and create employee motivation. Compensation takes and competiveness are senior higher than ever before and the casualties are factors like job joy. Literature appraise A snug or elated employee whitethorn begin to develop an hail of self-com discoverncy, and an overall sense of thoroughly-being, and consequently, his temperament may reflect his disposition (Caruso, 2011). As a result, it is all too common to see that the productivity of the employee does non always close follow his upward level of happiness.Does that opine that employers dont want beaming employees? No, however that dont passion to gain employees that forget why theyre employed in the first place. other important aspect of this situation is the level of constructive mesh. If properly used and utilize in the organizational arena, the managerial imbedding of a limited degree of beneficial conflict does indeed shake these smug people and satisfied employees out of their fatigue and enables them to achieve a certain individuality of action.Viewed from the place of the organization the key issue is not having satisfied, happy employees but maximizing productivity, the butt joint line being profit (Caruso, 2011). A generation of employees who feel entitled to employee propitiation has entered the workforce and several generations of employees for whom work neer quite fulfilled their dreams, are leaving. And, they are leaving in the worst of economical times which will affect their satisfaction with the rest of the quality of life they experience.This down(prenominal) trend in job satisfaction raises concerns about the overall engagement of employees and finally employee productivity, retention, creativity, risk-taking, mentoring, and in overall employee motivation and pursuance in work. Factors contributing to employee satisfaction complicate treating employees with respect, providing regular employee realization, em plying employees, offering above industry-average benefits and compensation, providing employee perks and company activities, and positive management inside a success framework of goals, measurements, and expectations (Egan and Young, 2004).You prat rank your colleagues, coworkers and or staff how much you set them and their contribution any day of the year. No occasion is required to tell someone job well done or keep up the outstanding efforts. In fact, small surprises and tokens of your appreciation spread passim the year help you and the people in your work life feel wanted all year long. Employee comprehension is limited in most(prenominal) organizations (Egan and Young, 2004).At my place of employment, employees complain about the lack of recognition regularly. My supervisor would respond by asking, wherefore should I recognize or give thanks her? Shes just doing her job. These factors combine to create work places that fail to provide recognition for employees. Employers who prioritize employee recognition understand the p ower of recognition, because they see the adverse effect of it in the employee. HRD employee job satisfaction is situational.Employee job satisfaction depends on the company and its practices, the expectations and needs from work, the quality of the supervision, the health of the industry, the competitiveness of the job market, the democracy of the economy, the success of the company, your mentor resources, and more (Lleana and Simmons, 2008). The inconsistencies are what make employee job satisfaction so challenging. Since the day to day job round cant be predicted, its safe to say that employee satisfaction cant be either. ConclusionThe most influential factor in job satisfaction appears to be the degree to which employees destine their job makes healthy use of their skills and abilities. This is well followed by the extent to which employees think the work they perform is meaningful. If employees commit their work and the work of their organization is important and makes go od use of their skills, there is a very good chance they will be satisfied with their job, even if they are not as positive about other aspects of the job. The bordering major component of satisfaction appears to be whether employees believe they are treated with respect. high job satisfaction is associated with working conditions where employees believe their opinions count and where they receive recognition for the work they perform. Job satisfaction is related to how well an organization is managed. This component does not attend to work in isolation from job fit and respect. In other words, a well-managed organization does not turn into high job satisfaction scores in the absence of a good mates between employees and the job, or under conditions where employees do not feel respected for what they do.When a lack of respect is felt amongst an employee, a lack of respect is shown for the job at hand whether it be through work performance, attitude, or respect reciprocated. HRD i s a career field that requires one to interact with others on a daily basis. With that being said, one must always exhibit a pleasant persona for the simple fact that what they do has a major impact on the individuals that they come across. HRD is also a career field where you are constantly assisting others in job advancements and etc. within an organization, which to me is satisfying all within itself.